Using the Hummers method, in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, potassium permanganate and other oxidants, the graphite powder is oxidized to form graphene oxide, the graphite oxide is dissolved in water, and then the graphene oxide is reduced by hydrazine hydrate to prepare graphene The obtained graphene oxide and graphene were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy.